1 ????? ?????/ ??????? 2020
??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????: "????? ?????-19 ?? ???? ????". ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????.
?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????-19 ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? (SDG) ?? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ??? 2030 .1
???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????. ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? (?? ??????? ?? ????? 3 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????) ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? (????? 8 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????) ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????? (?????1 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????1) ??????? ????? ??????? (????? 2 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????). ??? ????? ????? ??????? (????? 4 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????) ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? (????? 11 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????) ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? (????? 7 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????) ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? (????? 6 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????) ?? ??? ???????. ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? (????? 10 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????) ?????? ????????? (????? 5 ?? ????? ??????? ?????????) ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? (???? ??????? ????????? 16 ?17).
?????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? "????? ?????-19 ?? ???? ????" ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????. ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????.
?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? - ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? "??????" ?"??????" ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????. ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? 2015-2016—??? ??????? ????????? ???? 2030 ? ???? ???? ?????? ? ? ??????? ??????? ?????? - ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????.
???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? -19 ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????.
???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? "?????? ??????" ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????.2
??? ??? ????? ?????-19 ??? ????? ????? ?????????. ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????????.3
?????? ??????? ??: ?? ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????-19 ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????4
????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????.5 ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ????: ?????? ??????? ??????? 55 ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? 80 ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???????.6
???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????-19 ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? (MSMEs) ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ?? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???????.7
??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????. ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????.8 ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????. ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????.
?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? "??? ??????? ???????" ??????? ??????? "??? ???????".9 ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? -19 ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????.
?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????. ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ?????. ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????. ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????. ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????????. ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????. ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????. ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????????. ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????.
???? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????????. ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????.10 ????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????-19 ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????.
???????
1 "??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????"? ????????? ???? Nature? ?????? 583 (14 ????/ ????? 2020)? ???????? 331-332. ???? ??? ?????? ??????: .
2 ?????? ????? "???? ????? ?? ??????"? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? TEDxPlaceDesNations ???????? 2 ????? ??????/ ????? 2015. ???? ??? ?????? ??????: .
3 ???? ???? ??????? "????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????-19"? ?????? ????? ??????? 12 ????/ ???? 2020. ???? ??? ?????? ??????: .
4 ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? 2020: ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????-19 (????????? ????? ????? ????????? 2020). ???? ??? ?????? ??????: .
5 ??????? ?????? ??????? "????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????"? ???? ?????? ??????? (???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????/ ????? 2016). ???? ??? ?????? ??????: .
6 ???? ???? ??????. (2018). "???? ?????? ???????? ???????: ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??? 1.5 ???? ????? ??????? ?????" (????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? 2018)? ???? 24. ???? ??? ?????? ??????: .
7 ?????? ???? ?????? "??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????"? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???" (?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? (IIHS)? ???????? 2020). ???? ??? ?????? ??????: .
8 ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? .
9 ?????? ????? "???? ???: ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????"? ???? Urbanisation? ?????? 1? ????? 2 (????? ??????/ ?????? 2016)? ??????? x-xiv.
10 ?????? ????? "????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????????"? ???? Urbanisation? ?????? (????? ??????/ ?????? 2017). ??????? x-xiv.
????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???????. ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????.
