??? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????.

????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? - ????? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ???????.

?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????.

?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????. ??? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????.

????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????.

??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????.

??? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????

??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????. ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????.

???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? 13080 ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? 2000 ????? ????? ??? ????. ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????.

??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? . ? ????? ?? ??? 1946 ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???.

??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????.

?????  (NPT)? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? (CTBT)? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? 1996 ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? (TPNW) .

IAEA safeguards inspectors at work
???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????. ? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????

????????

?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????. ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????. ???????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????.

??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????.

????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? . ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?????. ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? (HCOC) ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? (MTCR).

??????? ??????????

?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????.

???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????. ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????.

?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????. ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????.

???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? 1972.

????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????. ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????.

??????? ??????????

people in protective gear inspecting liquid
????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ? OPCW

??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????.

?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????. ??? ??? ?????? ????????? (???? ????????) ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????????.

????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???????. ??? ??? ???? ?? 100000 ???? ????. ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????.

??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? 1993.

????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????????.

??????? ?????????

??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????. ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? (UCAV) ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????.

?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????. ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? "???? ?? ??????" ? "???? ?? ???????" ???? ?? ????? "??? ??????" ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????. .

??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????.

?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???. ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? 1980 ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????.

??? (CCW) ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? (??????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????) ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????????.

men seen from above, sorting weapons and ammunition
???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????????. ? ????? ???????/?????? ?????

??????? ???????

???? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? (????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????). ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? - ????? ??????? ?? ????????.

?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? 1997? ???? ?????. ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????.

????? ???? ?? 160 ???? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????.

deminer at work
???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???????. ? ????? ???????/???? ??????????

????? ???????

?? ??? 2017? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? 8600 ???? - ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? 2014. ??? ??? 70 ???? ? 4 ?????? ????? ???? 110 ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????.

???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????. ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ???. ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????.

????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????.

??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? "?????? ??????? ???????? ??????: " ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ????????. ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???. ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????.

?????  ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????. ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????.

??? ??? 2022? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? 109,976 ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ?397 ???? ?????? ?5,970 ????? ??????. ???????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?? 159 ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??? 8468 ????????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? 2.6 ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? 742 ?? ????? ??????? ???????.

??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????. ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? 1980 ???? ????? ??????? ?????. ??? ??? 1996? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????????.

?? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? (ICBL)? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????.

???? (??????? ??? ???????) ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ???????. ???????? ?? ?????? 2024? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???? . 

???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? 4 ?????/?????.

??? ??? 2015? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????. ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? 4 ?????/????? 2023.

??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????: "???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????".

??????? ?????????

????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????. ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????.

??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??????. ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????????.

?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? 2022. ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? 1,172 ????? ?? ??? 2022? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? 2010. 

???????

???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? 100 ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????.

?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????.

??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????.

peacekeeper examines magazines from automatic weapons
???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????????? 47 ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????????. ? ????? ???????/?????? ?????

????? ???????

????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????. ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????. ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????.

??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? 2013 ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????.

??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????. ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????.

??? ????? ???? ??????

????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????. ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????.

????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????. ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????.

?? ??? 2000? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????.

??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????.

woman with child picking up potable water
????? ?????? ?? ?????? (???? ??????)? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? 15 ?????????. ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????. ? ????? ???????/????? ???????? ?????

??? ?????? ???????

???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????. ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?? 12 ?????? 2019.

??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? "# " ?? ??? 2019 ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????????. ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? - ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????.

??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????

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